LIFE OF MARIE CURIE
Marie Curie (1867-1934) was a French physicist with many accomplishments in both physics and chemistry . Marie and her husband Pierre , who was a French physicist usefull , are both famous for Their Work in radioactivity .
Marie Curie, originally named Marja Sklodowska was born in Warsaw , Poland on Nov.7 , 1867. Her first learning of physics came from her father who taught it in high school . Marie's father must have taught his daughter well Because in 1891 , she went to Paris ( where she changed her original name ) and enrolled at the Sorbonne . Then two years later, she passed the Examination for her physics degree ranking in first place . She Pierre Curie in 1894 , and married him in the next year . Marie subsequently gave birth to two daughters Irene ( 1897 ) and Eve ( 1904 ) .
Pierre Curie (1859-1906) obtained his doctorate in the year of his marriage , but had already distinguished himself in the study of the properties of crystals . He discovered the phenomenon of piezoelectricity , whereby changes in the volume of certain crystals excite small electric potentials . He discovered That the magnetic susceptibility of paramagnetic materials is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature , and thatthere exists a critical temperature above All which the magnetic properties disappear , this is called the Curie temperature.
Marie Curie was interested in the recent discoveries of radiation , All which were made by Wilhelm Roentgen on the discovery of X -rays in 1895 , and by Henri Becquerel in 1896 , when he discovered uranium gives off similar invisible radiation as the X -rays . Gested Curie began studying uranium radiation and made it her doctoral thesis . With the aid of an electrometer built by Pierre , Marie measured the strength of the Radiation Emitted form uranium compounds and found it proportional to the uranium content , constant over a long period of time and Influenced by external conditions. She detected a similar immutable radiation in the compounds of thorium . While checking thesis results , she made the discovery That uranium pitchblende and the mineral chalcocite lite Emitted four times as much radiation as Their uranium content . She Realized That unknown elements , even more radioactive uranium must then be present . Then in 1898 she drew the revolutionary conclusion That pitchblende contains a small amount of an unknown radiating element .
Pierre Curie Understood The importance of this supposition and joined his wife's work . In the next year , the Curies discovered two new radiating elements whichthey named Polonium (after Marie's native country ) and Radium . They now began the tedious and monumental task of isolating elements thesis So THAT Their chemical properties could be determined. During the next four years , working in a leaky wooden shed , they processed a ton of pitchblende , laboriously isolating from it a fraction of a gram of radium .
In 1903 , Marie Curie obtained her doctorate for a thesis on radioactive substances , and with her husband and Henri Becquerel she won the Nobel Prize for physics for the joint discovery of radioactivity . Finally , the Curies financial aspect was relieved , and the following year Pierre was made the professor at the Sorbonne , and the assistant Marie . Everything was going well for the Curies , but then Pierre was run over by a horse drawn cart and killed . Marie was deeply affectedness by his death and overcame this blow only by putting all her energy into her scientific work thatthey had bene together .
Marie took over her husband's post at the Sorbonne , osmanthus making her the first female lecturer at the Sorbonne , and in 1908 she was appointed the professor. In 1911 she received an unprecedented second Nobel Prize , this time in chemistry for her work on radium and it's compound .
During World War I , Madame Curie dedicated herself entirely to the development of the use of X -rays in medicine. In 1918 she Became head of the Paris Institute of Radium , were her daughter Irene Joliot - Curie worked with her husband Fredric Joliet . Her research for the rest of her life was dedicated to the chemistry of radioactive materials and their medical applications . She labored to establishement international scholarships and lectured abroad . Marie Curie died on July 4 , 1934 of Leukemia , All which was Undoubtedly Caused by prolonged exposure to radiation . A year later, Irene and Fredric won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for the synthesis of new radioactive elements .
ELEMENTS MARIE Discovered
Polonium is a rare metallic element , uranium ore All which naturally Occurs in pitchblende . But most comm only been made artificially by bombarding bismuth (a brittle metal ) with neutrons . It is used chiefly by scientists for nuclear research.
Radium is a highly radioactive metallic element . It Occurs mostly in thorium ores and uranium . It was discovered by the Curies while processing pitchblende . Until mid - 1950's radium was used only for treating cancer and an ingredient in fluorescent paint used for watch and instrument dials . Today safer and cheaper sources of radiation have Replaced radium for most industrial and medical uses.
CONCLUSION
The work of the Curies , All which by its nature 's dealing with changes in the atomic nucleus , led the way toward modern understanding of the atom as an entity That can be split to release enormous amounts of energy . With these discoveries , we 've been able to have actually put to use the elements in our everyday life .
Marie Curie (1867-1934) was a French physicist with many accomplishments in both physics and chemistry . Marie and her husband Pierre , who was a French physicist usefull , are both famous for Their Work in radioactivity .
Marie Curie, originally named Marja Sklodowska was born in Warsaw , Poland on Nov.7 , 1867. Her first learning of physics came from her father who taught it in high school . Marie's father must have taught his daughter well Because in 1891 , she went to Paris ( where she changed her original name ) and enrolled at the Sorbonne . Then two years later, she passed the Examination for her physics degree ranking in first place . She Pierre Curie in 1894 , and married him in the next year . Marie subsequently gave birth to two daughters Irene ( 1897 ) and Eve ( 1904 ) .
Pierre Curie (1859-1906) obtained his doctorate in the year of his marriage , but had already distinguished himself in the study of the properties of crystals . He discovered the phenomenon of piezoelectricity , whereby changes in the volume of certain crystals excite small electric potentials . He discovered That the magnetic susceptibility of paramagnetic materials is inversely proportional to the absolute temperature , and thatthere exists a critical temperature above All which the magnetic properties disappear , this is called the Curie temperature.
Marie Curie was interested in the recent discoveries of radiation , All which were made by Wilhelm Roentgen on the discovery of X -rays in 1895 , and by Henri Becquerel in 1896 , when he discovered uranium gives off similar invisible radiation as the X -rays . Gested Curie began studying uranium radiation and made it her doctoral thesis . With the aid of an electrometer built by Pierre , Marie measured the strength of the Radiation Emitted form uranium compounds and found it proportional to the uranium content , constant over a long period of time and Influenced by external conditions. She detected a similar immutable radiation in the compounds of thorium . While checking thesis results , she made the discovery That uranium pitchblende and the mineral chalcocite lite Emitted four times as much radiation as Their uranium content . She Realized That unknown elements , even more radioactive uranium must then be present . Then in 1898 she drew the revolutionary conclusion That pitchblende contains a small amount of an unknown radiating element .
Pierre Curie Understood The importance of this supposition and joined his wife's work . In the next year , the Curies discovered two new radiating elements whichthey named Polonium (after Marie's native country ) and Radium . They now began the tedious and monumental task of isolating elements thesis So THAT Their chemical properties could be determined. During the next four years , working in a leaky wooden shed , they processed a ton of pitchblende , laboriously isolating from it a fraction of a gram of radium .
In 1903 , Marie Curie obtained her doctorate for a thesis on radioactive substances , and with her husband and Henri Becquerel she won the Nobel Prize for physics for the joint discovery of radioactivity . Finally , the Curies financial aspect was relieved , and the following year Pierre was made the professor at the Sorbonne , and the assistant Marie . Everything was going well for the Curies , but then Pierre was run over by a horse drawn cart and killed . Marie was deeply affectedness by his death and overcame this blow only by putting all her energy into her scientific work thatthey had bene together .
Marie took over her husband's post at the Sorbonne , osmanthus making her the first female lecturer at the Sorbonne , and in 1908 she was appointed the professor. In 1911 she received an unprecedented second Nobel Prize , this time in chemistry for her work on radium and it's compound .
During World War I , Madame Curie dedicated herself entirely to the development of the use of X -rays in medicine. In 1918 she Became head of the Paris Institute of Radium , were her daughter Irene Joliot - Curie worked with her husband Fredric Joliet . Her research for the rest of her life was dedicated to the chemistry of radioactive materials and their medical applications . She labored to establishement international scholarships and lectured abroad . Marie Curie died on July 4 , 1934 of Leukemia , All which was Undoubtedly Caused by prolonged exposure to radiation . A year later, Irene and Fredric won the Nobel Prize in chemistry for the synthesis of new radioactive elements .
ELEMENTS MARIE Discovered
Polonium is a rare metallic element , uranium ore All which naturally Occurs in pitchblende . But most comm only been made artificially by bombarding bismuth (a brittle metal ) with neutrons . It is used chiefly by scientists for nuclear research.
Radium is a highly radioactive metallic element . It Occurs mostly in thorium ores and uranium . It was discovered by the Curies while processing pitchblende . Until mid - 1950's radium was used only for treating cancer and an ingredient in fluorescent paint used for watch and instrument dials . Today safer and cheaper sources of radiation have Replaced radium for most industrial and medical uses.
CONCLUSION
The work of the Curies , All which by its nature 's dealing with changes in the atomic nucleus , led the way toward modern understanding of the atom as an entity That can be split to release enormous amounts of energy . With these discoveries , we 've been able to have actually put to use the elements in our everyday life .
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